This course, formerly called Modern Photonics, is about the way
light interacts with solids. The aim is to give you a broad and
up-to-date perspective on the optics of solids, and to introduce
you to exciting present-day research and engineering topics in
optoelectronics, using the 2010 edition of a well-written book.
Fundamental principles of absorption, reflection, luminescence and
light scattering will be discussed for a wide range of materials,
including crystalline insulators and semiconductors, glasses,
metals and molecular materials including graphene. Different
optical properties of bulk and nanometer-sized structures are
introduced. Classical and quantum models are used where
appropriate, and theory goes hand in hand with discussions of
experiments and modern applications. Among the topics introduced
are quantum wells and dots, nanoplasmonics and metamaterials, and
color centers.
Furthermore, this course gives a good background (but is not a
prerequisite) for Nanophotonics and Quantum Optics, and is
completed by the course Applied Photonics that focuses on lasers
and optical detectors.
Læringsmål:
En studerende, der fuldt ud har opfyldt kursets mål, vil kunne:
Derive the Kramers-Kronig relations for linear dielectric
response
Interpret band structure diagrams of semiconductors and relate
them to optical properties
Explain the concept of an exciton, the difference between
Wannier-Mott and Frenkel excitons, and give examples
Describe different types of luminescence and explain the basics
of LEDs and diode lasers
Explain what is quantum confinement, and explain the
differences in optical properties of structures confined in 1D, 2D
and 3D. Discuss applications of quantum wells and dots
Analyze how well the Drude model describes the measured
reflectivity of a metal, explain limitations of the model. Describe
the properties of surface plasmon polaritons
Describe the electronic properties of molecular materials and
graphene and derive their optical properties. Identify the
differences between graphene and conventional 2D
semiconductors
Explain what is a luminescence center, describe several types,
give examples of their occurrence in nature and their use in
optoelectronic devices
Explain how infrared spectra are influenced by phonons, and
discuss Brillouin and Raman light scattering
Calculate and solve exercises directly related to the presented
optical theory of solids, thereby showing feeling for the typical
length, frequency and time scales involved
Work actively both individually and in small groups, and
present his/her solution of problems to all
participants
Kursusindhold:
Electromagnetism in dielectrics and metals, complex refractive
index, Kramers-Kronig relations, classification of optical
materials, absorption, dipole oscillator model of a solid,
dispersion, anisotropy, chirality. Semiconductors, band structure,
interband transitions in direct and indirect gap materials, spin
injection, photodetectors. Wannier-Mott and Frenkel excitons.
Luminescense, photoluminescence, electroluminiscence, basics of
LEDs and diode lasers. Quantum confinement, quantum wells, quantum
well excitons and emission. Quantum dots as artificial atoms,
basics of their synthesis and optical properties. Drude model for
metals and doped semiconductors. Metals: free-carrier reflectivity,
interband transitions, plasmons, basics of surface plasmon
polaritons and negative refraction. Molecular orbitals, optical
spectra of molecules. Carbon nanostructures and graphene.
Luminescence centers, paramagnetic ions and color centers, NV
centers in diamond. Phonons, infrared-active phonons, phonon
polaritons, Raman and Brillouin scattering.
Litteraturhenvisninger:
Mark Fox, Optical Properties of Solids, 2nd Edition (Oxford
University Press, 2010)
ISBN: 978-0-19-957337-0
Some extra material on focus topics will be handed out.
